Untreated youth substance abuse is an increasing problem. A testing program helps identify youth with drug-using habits that need to be addressed with treatment and graduated sanctions. An effective testing program can help youth abstain from drug use.

Proponents of restorative justice conceive of accountability as the obligation to amend the harm caused to victims and the community by a youth's delinquent actions. By properly identifying youth whose delinquency is associated with drug use, agencies can help them understand the harm they have caused, not only to themselves, but to others. Youth should be involved in paying restitution, with money or services, to their victims. For example, projects such as cleaning areas where teen parties involving alcohol and other drugs have taken place may help juveniles understand in concrete terms how substance abuse diminishes the quality of ife for an entire community.